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凤凰快三2023-01-31 16:05

应急管理部发布2022年全国十大自然灾害******

  中新网1月12日电 据应急管理部网站消息,经应急管理部会同工业和信息化部、自然资源部、住房城乡建设部、交通运输部、水利部、农业农村部、卫生健康委、统计局、气象局、银保监会、粮食和储备局、林草局、中国红十字会总会、国铁集团等部门和单位对2022年全国重大自然灾害事件会商核定,全国十大自然灾害如下(按时间排序): 

  一、1月8日青海门源6.9级地震

  1月8日1时45分,青海海北州门源县发生6.9级地震,震源深度10千米。震中位于青海、甘肃两省交界处,此后又发生5.1级、5.2 级强余震,地震共造成青海、甘肃、内蒙古、宁夏4省(区)17.1万人受灾,不同程度损坏房屋9.5万间,局地交通、市政等基础设施受损严重,直接经济损失32.5亿元。 

  二、2月中下旬南方低温雨雪冰冻灾害

  2月中下旬,南方出现大范围低温雨雪冰冻灾害过程,持续时间长,暴雪落区偏南,降水(雪)强度大。持续低温雨雪冰冻对农业生产、交通、电力等造成一定影响。灾害造成福建、江西、湖南、广东、广西等9省(区、市)77个市447个县(市、区)609.2万人受灾,近8400人紧急转移安置;农作物受灾面积422.3千公顷;900余间房屋倒塌,近6500间不同程度损坏;直接经济损失78.9亿元。 

  三、6月上中旬珠江流域暴雨洪涝灾害

  5月下旬至6月上中旬,我国华南地区遭遇1961年以来第2强的“龙舟水”过程。受其影响,珠江流域连续形成2次流域性较大洪水,北江出现1915年以来最大洪水,西江、北江、韩江先后发生7次编号洪水,局地发生严重城乡内涝和山洪地质灾害等。灾害造成广东、广西2省(区)648.9万人次受灾,因灾死亡失踪37人,紧急转移安置50.2万人次;倒塌房屋9200余间,不同程度损坏2.4万间;农作物受灾面积288.4千公顷;直接经济损失278.2亿元。 

  四、6月份闽赣湘三省暴雨洪涝灾害

  6月份,福建、江西、湖南多地遭遇多轮强降雨过程,累计雨量大、降雨落区重叠、受灾范围广,多条河流发生超历史洪水,引发洪涝和次生地质灾害等,农业、水利、交通、供水、供电等基础设施受损严重。灾害造成福建、江西、湖南3省814.2万人次受灾,因灾死亡失踪29人,紧急转移安置62.9万人次;倒塌房屋9100余间,不同程度损坏5万余间;农作物受灾面积582千公顷;直接经济损失433亿元。 

  五、2022年第3号台风“暹芭”

  2022年第3号台风“暹芭”于7月2日15时左右在广东电白沿海登陆(台风级,35米/秒)。登陆后穿过广东、广西、湖南3省(区),其残余环流继续北上影响我国黄淮、东北等地。造成广东、广西、海南等省(区)39个市165个县(市、区)186.29万人受灾,紧急转移安置7万余人;倒塌房屋670余间,不同程度损坏近1400间;农作物受灾面积109.01千公顷;直接经济损失31.2亿元。 

  六、7月中旬四川暴雨洪涝灾害

  7月11日至17日,四川省部分地区遭受多轮强降雨天气,部分地区降暴雨,局地大暴雨,并伴有雷电、阵性大风等强对流天气,引发山洪、泥石流等灾害。造成绵阳、阿坝、雅安等13市(州)76个县(市、区)27.9万人受灾,因灾死亡失踪36人,紧急转移安置1.4万人;倒塌房屋近400间,不同程度损坏近2200间;农作物受灾面积3.9千公顷;直接经济损失24.8亿元。 

  七、长江流域夏秋冬连旱

  7月至11月上半月,长江流域降水异常偏少、极端高温天气持续,中旱以上日数为77天,较常年同期偏多54天,为有完整实测资料以来最严重的气象水文干旱,极端高温干旱对相关地区农业生产、人畜饮水、电力供应、生态环境等造成严重影响。旱情峰值时,造成四川、重庆、湖北、湖南、江西等12省(区、市)3978万人受灾,701.4万人因旱需生活救助;农作物受灾面积4270千公顷;直接经济损失408.5亿元。 

  八、8月上旬辽宁暴雨洪涝灾害

  7月底至8月上旬,辽宁省中西部、东南部等地出现暴雨到大暴雨,引发洪涝灾害,辽河干流持续超警,支流绕阳河堤防发生决口险情,农业、基础设施等损失较重。灾害造成锦州、阜新、盘锦等9市31个县(市、区)54.9万人受灾,紧急转移安置3.4万人;倒塌房屋100余间,不同程度损坏8500余间;农作物受灾面积166.4千公顷;直接经济损失76亿元。 

  九、8月17日青海大通山洪灾害

  8月17日22时许,受持续强降雨影响,青海省多地发生暴雨洪涝灾害,西宁市大通县青林乡、青山乡等地瞬时强降雨引发山洪,道路、桥梁、水利等基础设施受损严重。灾害共造成西宁、海北、海东、黄南、果洛5市(州)11个县(市、区)6.5万人受灾,因灾死亡失踪31人,紧急转移安置3300余人;倒塌房屋100余间,不同程度损坏9000余间;农作物受灾面积5.3千公顷;直接经济损失6.9亿元。 

  十、9月5日四川泸定6.8级地震

  9月5日12时52分,四川省甘孜藏族自治州泸定县发生6.8级地震,震源深度16公里。地震造成四川省甘孜、雅安等6市(州)24个县(市、区)54.8万人受灾,因灾死亡失踪117人,紧急转移安置8万人;倒塌房屋1.2万间,不同程度损坏26.5万间;灾区居民住房及电力、通信、道路等基础设施损毁严重,直接经济损失154.8亿元。 

凤凰快三

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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